Liver Diseases

What is Liver Diseases

Liver Diseases and Disorders affecting the liver are called Liver Diseases and inordinate structuring-formation and functioning of liver and symptoms appearing as a result of the same are called Liver Disorders.

Types of Hepatitis

1. Hepatitis A 2. Hepatitis B 3. Hepatitis C 4. Hepatitis D 5. Hepatitis E 6. Hepatitis A, B, C is common

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Symptoms of Hepatitis

Hepatitis is the inflammation of the liver. The main function of the liver is to filter toxins and chemicals from the blood. It converts the proteins and sugar into the useful substances, stores them and releases them whenever the body requires. It is most commonly caused due to the group of viruses that attack the liver.

Description

Hepatitis A (HAV) It is a mild form of acute hepatitis. It is caused by the HAV and spreads through the contaminated food and water. Anal-oral contact during sex can also be the cause. In rare cases, it can cause acute liver failure. Following are the Signs and Symptoms of Hepatitis A:

• Fatigue
• Nausea and vomiting
• Low grade continuous fever
• Loss of appetite
• Hepatomegaly (Enlargement of liver)
• Abdominal pain and discomfort
• Passing of clay colored stools
• Jaundice
• Joint pain
• Dark urine

Time (incubation) period for development of Hepatitis A 2-7 weeks (average 28 days)

Hepatitis B (HBV) It is a form of hepatitis that often starts with acute illness but may become chronic. This is a sexually transmitted disease. This is caused by the HBV and spread through infected blood, semen and fluids. The Person will get infection by using unsterilized syringe or may be while getting tattoo or sharing the personal items like toothbrush or razor. Symptoms become mild to severe in Hepatitis B and are as follows: • Jaundice
• Loss of appetite
• Dark urine
• Tiredness
• Lightness in color of faeces.
• Nausea, vomiting

Time (incubation) period for development of Hepatitis B 30-180 days (approx 75 days)

Hepatitis C (HCV) It is a form of hepatitis that causes 20-30 percent acute illness and 70-80 percent chronic illness. It is usually spread through direct contact with the blood of a person who has a disease. It usually causes no symptoms until the later course of the chronic infection. Symptoms become mild to severe in Hepatitis C and are as follows: • Bleeding and bruising easily
• Ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen)
• Swelling in the legs
• Hepatic encephalopathy
• Liver cirrhosis

Time (incubation) period for development of Hepatitis C 15 to 150 days

Hepatitis D (HDV) It is a less common form of hepatitis. The infection is caused due to HDV. The infection is spread through contact with infected blood, unprotected sex and needles.

Time (incubation) period for development of Hepatitis D Approximately 35 days

Hepatitis E (HEV) It is also less common. The infection is caused by the HEV or through oral-anal sex

Time (incubation) period for development of Hepatitis E Approximately 45 days

What is the Diagnoses of Hepatitis or Inflammation of Liver ? • Medical history
• Blood test (Series of test)
etc. What are the Self-Care measures for the Hepatitis Diagnosed Patients ? • Patient should take plenty of water
• Patient should not get dehydrated
• Patient should have balanced and healthy diet
• If Patients’ appetite is poor, then they should have high fiber diet.
• Patients should avoid alcohol.
What are the complications of Liver inflammation or Hepatitis ? • Liver fibrosis (Scaring of liver)
• Liver cirrhosis
• Liver cancer
• Liver failure
• Hepatic encephalopathy
• Glomerulonephritis (Inflammation of kidneys)
• Portal hypertension
• Viral Co-infection
What are the prognoses of Hepatitis or Liver inflammation? • Most people diagnosed with hepatitis A,are cured within two or six months.
• Some people with hepatitis B develop to chronic hepatitis. The risk ranges from about 90% in infants to 6-10% in adults.
• About 75-80% people with hepatitis C can lead to chronic hepatitis.
• People with hepatitis C are at high risk for serious illness than the sufferer with hepatitis B, hepatitis D
Prevention For Hepatitis? 1. HEPATITIS A : Immunizations of children (1-18 years) consist of two or three doses of the vaccine. In adult’s case, Adult needs booster dose six to 12 months following the first dose. The vaccine is effective for 15-20 years or more.
2. HEPATITIS B : Vaccine recommends also available for hepatitis B .Prevention recommends to the all newborns and adults also. Three injections over a period of six to 12 months which provide full protection against the disease.
• In general, one should wash hands properly after going to bathroom. • Use latex condoms, which may lower the risk of transmission. • One should avoid sharing the same drug needles. • One should avoid sharing the personal things with the infected person. • One should avoid tap water for drinking while travelling