Blood Disorders
What are the Blood Disorders?
Disorders that affect the functioning of blood are called blood disorders or also called haematological disorders. There are many blood related disorders that may affect one or more component of blood. Some are easily treated and some disorders are life threatening.
Blood is a living tissue which is liquid in nature. It is made up of four components- plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Every component has different function in body. The whole blood is a mixture of about 55% plasma and 45% blood cells. Blood constitutes about 7-8 % of our body weight. Study of blood and their related disorders is called haematology.
What are the main functions of blood?
1.Transport of oxygen and other nutrients to body tissues.
2.Carrying antibodies to fight infection
3.Regulating temperature of body.
4.Helps to remove waste products of kidney and liver.
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What are the types of blood disorders?
According to component of the blood affected, there are different types of blood disorders described below:
1.Anemia: decreased number of red blood cells or low haemoglobin.
2.Leukopenia: decreased number of white blood cells.
3.Thrombocytopenia: low number of platelets.
4.Blood cancers: such as leukemia and myeloma.
5.Eosinophilic disorders: problem with one type of white blood cells.
What are symptoms of blood disorders?
The common symptoms are:
1.Blood clot (Phlebitis) – It occurs usually in leg that may cause swelling, redness, warmth feeling or shortness of breath.
2.Skin rashes caused by few platelets (Petechiae)
3.Blood blisters in mouth
4.Swelling of lymph nodes due to blood cancer like leukemia, lymphomas.
5.Yellowish skin (Pallor) caused by anemia.
6.Craving for eating of ice, dirt, clay (Pica) due to iron deficiency anemia.